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The universality of sport allows it to encompass several different rights. Most sporting events have a huge impact on human rights. In particular youth sport which concerns the rights of children. The practice of sport is beneficial to children as it can have a positive impact on their physical, mental, psycho-motor and social development skills.〔Bouchard 1994, Genes, Environment and Personality, Science, New Series, Volume 264, Issue 5166 (Jun 17 1994). http://www-psych.stanford.edu/~knutson/per/bouchard94.pdf.〕 Sport is helpful in a human rights context as it encourages the integration of children from different cultural or economic backgrounds, those with disabilities and helps promote gender equality.〔Paulo David, Human Rights in Youth Sport: A critical review of children's rights in competitive sports, (Routledge, London and New York, 2005).〕 The practice of sport is seen to be important to the development of young people as it fosters their physical and emotional health and builds valuable social connections.〔http://www.un.org/sport2005/resources/task_force.pdf〕 It offers opportunities for play and self-expression that is beneficial especially for young people with few other opportunities.〔http://www.un.org/sport2005/resources/task_force.pdf〕 Within schools physical education is a vital component of quality education as it promotes physical activity and can help improve academic performance.〔http://www.un.org/sport2005/resources/task_force.pdf〕 ==Conventions and Organisations== Convention on the Rights of the Child: The United Nations Convention on the Rights of the Child 1990 does not include any direct reference in relation to sports in its make-up. The Articles provided in the Convention are applicable in the wider context of youth sport.〔http://www.ohchr.org/en/professionalinterest/pages/crc.aspx〕 Article 31 does provide some reference in relation to the rights of the child when it comes to cultural, artistic,recreational and leisure activity.〔http://www.ohchr.org/en/professionalinterest/pages/crc.aspx〕 Sport and games are an asset in reaching the objectives found in the Convention.〔http://www.un.org/wcm/webdav/site/sport/shared/sport/SDP%20IWG/2011-08-16_Child_Protection_in_Sport.pdf〕 Youth sport can help to combat discrimination by promoting the integration of race, gender, religion, children from different economic and social backgrounds, age and ability.〔http://www.un.org/wcm/webdav/site/sport/shared/sport/SDP%20IWG/2011-08-16_Child_Protection_in_Sport.pdf, http://www.ohchr.org/en/professionalinterest/pages/crc.aspx〕 Provide social and participative opportunities for children and also provide access to those with disabilities, from difference social or economic situations.〔http://www.ohchr.org/en/professionalinterest/pages/crc.aspx, http://www.un.org/wcm/webdav/site/sport/shared/sport/SDP%20IWG/2011-08-16_Child_Protection_in_Sport.pdf〕 By providing sport in schools or community it can motivate and stimulate children towards achievement,promotes public health and encourage fair play and the channelling of certain emotions and violence.〔http://www.ohchr.org/en/professionalinterest/pages/crc.aspx, http://www.un.org/wcm/webdav/site/sport/shared/sport/SDP%20IWG/2011-08-16_Child_Protection_in_Sport.pdf〕 United Nations Office for Sport Development and Peace: The United Nations Office Sport Development and Peace, (UNOSDP) have implemented strategies to foster youth development in sport.〔http://www.un.org/wcm/webdav/site/sport/shared/sport/pdfs/SDP%20IWG/Action%20Plan_Sport%20and%20Child%20%26%20Youth%20Development_FINAL_New.pdf〕 They address the areas of child protection in sport and sport to strengthen child and youth education.〔http://www.un.org/wcm/webdav/site/sport/shared/sport/SDP%20IWG/2011-08-16_Child_Protection_in_Sport.pdf〕 The United Nations Inter-Agency Task Force on Sport for Development and Peace 2003 defines sport for development as ''"all forms of physical activity that contribute to physical fitness, mental well-being and social interaction, such as play, recreation, organised or competitive sport, and indigenous sports''.”〔http://www.un.org/wcm/webdav/site/sport/shared/sport/pdfs/Reports/2003_interagency_report_ENGLISH.pdf〕 The UNOSDP have instigated these strategies as children should have the opportunity to take part in sport at all levels in a safe, secure and positive environment as children can be vulnerable to being influenced in sport and child protection is important.〔http://www.un.org/wcm/webdav/site/sport/shared/sport/SDP%20IWG/2011-08-16_Child_Protection_in_Sport.pdf〕 Council of Europe: The Council of Europe is one of the most active intergovernmental institutions for the protection of human rights of athletes and youth. The Council has established norms and standards which encourage member states to adopt laws, policies and programmes.〔http://www.coe.int/t/dg4/epas/resources/charter_en.asp〕 The Council of Europe has developed the 1992 European Sports Charter with the view to the promotion of sport as an important factor in human development and provides that Governments should take the steps necessary to apply the provisions of the Charter in accordance with the principles set out in the Code of Sports Ethics set out by the Council.〔http://www.coe.int/t/dg4/epas/resources/charter_en.asp, http://www.coe.int/t/dg4/epas/resources/texts/code_en.pdf〕 This Charter will help to enable every individual to participate in sport and to ensure that all young people should have the opportunity to receive physical education instruction and the opportunity to acquire basic sports skills.〔http://www.coe.int/t/dg4/epas/resources/charter_en.asp, http://www.coe.int/t/dg4/epas/resources/texts/code_en.pdf〕 The Council wants to ensure that everyone has the opportunity to take part in sport and physical recreation in a safe and healthy environment and in co-operation with the appropriate sports organisations.〔http://www.coe.int/t/dg4/epas/resources/texts/code_en.pdf〕 It will also look to ensure that everyone with the interest and ability should have the opportunity to improve their standard of performance in sport and reach levels of personal achievement and/or publicly recognised levels of excellence.〔http://www.coe.int/t/dg4/epas/resources/texts/code_en.pdf〕 The Charter will also help to protect and develop the moral and ethical aspects of sport and promote the human dignity and safety of those involved in sport, by safeguarding sport, sportsmen and women from exploitation for political, commercial and financial gain and from practices that are abusive or degrading including the abuse of drugs and the sexual harassment and abuse of children, young people and women.〔http://www.coe.int/t/dg4/epas/resources/texts/code_en.pdf〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Human rights and youth sport」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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